Abstract
This study evaluates the relationships between maternity leave duration, female and male labor force participation, and macroeconomic productivity in emerging countries. We build a comprehensive maternity leave data set for a panel of emerging countries at annual frequency. Our data set augments publicly available data on maternity leave with narrative evidence that identifies the exact dates when legislative changes to maternity leave policies were enacted and enforced. The higher annual data frequency allows us to study both the short-term and the intermediate-term effects of maternity leave duration. Maternity leave is associated with positive but limited effects on female labor force participation, but it is associated with significant increases in male labor force participation. There is some evidence that increases in maternity leave duration are associated with decreases in productivity in the short run, but there are no significant adverse effects at longer horizons. The results for emerging countries look substantially different when compared to the results for a panel of developed countries.
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