Does maternal and fetal health locus of control predict self-care behaviors among women with gestational diabetes?

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:Gestational diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder in pregnancy, and lack of self-care is the most important reason for mortality in diabetic patients. Since the glycemic control is associated with physiological and psychological mechanisms, variables such as health locus of control can play a role in health behaviors of diabetic patients. Therefore, this study was aimed to predict self-care behaviors among women with gestational diabetes based on maternal health locus of control (MHLC) and fetal health locus of control (FHLC).METHODS:This study is a descriptive, predictive correlational study that it is conducted on over 400 women with gestational diabetes attending the health centers and clinic of hospitals affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2015. Data were collected using individual questionnaire, self-care derived from the summary of diabetes self-care activities, MHLC, and FHLC scale. The data were analyzed using Spearman's correlation coefficient test, linear regressions model, and multiple regression in SPSS software version 16. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS:Results of Spearman's correlation coefficient test showed a significant direct linear relationship between self-care and internal MHLC (P = 0.027) and internal dimensions (P < 0.0001) and powerful others (P = 0.012) of FHLC. According to linear regressions model, internal MHLC (P = 0.027), internal dimensions (P < 0.0001), and powerful others (P = 0.012) of FHLC are considered as predictor variables of self-care.CONCLUSION:Midwives should perform interventions to increase internal locus of control and encourage more responsibility among women with gestational diabetes to achieve better self-care.