Does local injection of reveromycin A inhibit tooth movement without causing systemic side effects?

Abstract

To determine the feasibility of local inhibition of osteoclast activity and control of tooth movement with local intraoral reveromycin A (RMA) injection in model mice for experimental tooth movement. Eight-week-old wild-type mice (n = 6 per group) were divided into four groups consisting of two non-RMA groups that received normal saline for 14 (14-day non-RMA group) or 21 consecutive days (21-day non-RMA group) and 2 RMA groups that received RMA (1.0 mg/kg of weight) for 14 (14-day RMA group) or 21 consecutive days (21-day RMA group). RMA was injected locally into the buccal mucosa of the left first maxillary molar twice daily starting 3 days before placement of the 10-gf Ni-Ti closed coil spring. Tooth movement distance was analysed using micro-computed tomography. The effects on surrounding alveolar bone were evaluated by measuring the ratio of bone surface area to tissue surface area with haematoxylin-eosin-stained sections and counting the number of osteoclasts in periodontal tissue with TRAP-stained sections. Blood tests were performed and bone volume and trabecular separation at the tibial neck were measured to analyse systemic side effects. Local RMA injection inhibited tooth movement by 40.6 per cent, promoted alveolar bone volume maintenance by 37.4 per cent, and inhibited osteoclast activity around the tooth root at 21 days by 40.8 per cent. Systemic effects on osteoclasts or osteoblasts were not observed. Local injection of RMA enabled control of tooth movement without systemic side effects in a mouse model.