Abstract
The factors affecting the formation of pulmonary edema have been the subject of study and controversy for many years. In 1896, Starling [ 151 defined the relationship between the hydrostatic and oncotic forces regulating fluid flow across the capillary membrane. The protection of the lung from edema formation is necessary to maintain sufficient gas exchange to ensure normal oxygen delivery. Various “safety factors” [3, 161 have been theorized to be acting to protect the lung from increases in the extravascular lung water (EVLW). Interstitial pressure (IP) has been postulated as one of the potential safety factors [3, 161. Previous studies have found elevated IP in pulmonary edema [6, 10, 11, 12]. We asked the question, as EVLW rises during the development of pulmonary edema due to increased hydrostatic pressure, does IP rise quickly to oppose further EVLW accumulation?
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