Abstract
To investigate the effect of gonadotropin, sex hormone levels and insulin resistance (IR) on thyroid functions and thyroid volume (TV) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). 69 new diagnosed PCOS patients (age 24.82 ± 6.17) and 56 healthy control female (age 26.69 ± 5.25) were involved to the study. Fasting plasma glucose, lipid profile, insulin, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone levels and urine iodine were measured in all participants. Thyroid and pelvic ultrasound were performed in all participants. Insulin, HOMA-IR, LH, E2 and TV were higher in PCOS group (p < 0.05). TV was significantly higher in PCOS patients with IR compared to non-IR PCOS patients (p < 0.001), while TSH, fT4, and urine iodine levels were similar between these groups (p > 0.05). There was a negative correlation between E2 and TSH (p < 0.05) and a positive correlation between TSH and TV (p < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between TV and LH, insulin, HOMA-IR (p < 0.05). This study showed that TV was increased in patients with insulin resistance but differences in TSH and LH levels may affect TV changes as well.
Highlights
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects 5-10% of women reproductive age
Insulin resistance and gonadotropin axis changes are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of PCOS [1], there is limited data about the effect of these changes on thyroid hormones and thyroid volume (TV) [2]
It has been shown that increased E2 levels have mitogenic and proliferative effects on thyroid cells [20,21], but some studies have concluded that chronic estrogen treatment may decrease TV [22]
Summary
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects 5-10% of women reproductive age. Insulin resistance and thyroid volume polycystic ovary syndrome patients and 56 healthy controls female. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), lipid profile [triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL)], insulin, TSH, free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxin (fT4), antithyroglobulin (anti-Tg), anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO), FSH, LH, estradiol (E2), progesterone, prolactin, cortisol, total testosterone (TT), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and urinary iodine (first morning urine) levels were evaluated in both the PCOS and control groups.
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