Does Exercise Improve the Cardiometabolic Risk Profile of Patients with Obesity After Bariatric Surgery? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Abstract

We aimed to determine the effects of different exercise types, duration, and onset afterbariatric surgery (BS) on cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs). Asystematic search was conducted up to July 2021. Eleven studies were identified (n = 618 participants). Overall, exercise induced reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP; - 5.33mmHg; 95%CI - 8.99, -1.66; p < 0.01). Combined exercises elicited reductions on SBP (- 7.18mmHg; 95%CI - 12.42, - 1.94; p < 0.01) and triglycerides (- 17.56mg/dL; 95%CI - 34.15, - 0.96; p = 0.04). SBP reductions were also observed on interventions starting > 6months post-BS (- 7.71mmHg; 95%CI - 13.12, - 2.31; p < 0.01), and on > 12-week protocols (- 5.78mmHg; 95%CI - 9.91, - 1.66; p < 0.01). Overall exercise and particularly aerobic plus resistance protocols were an effective therapy to reduce CMRFs post-BS. Benefits were also observed with interventions starting > 6months post-BS and with > 12-week duration. Trial registration: CRD42020161175 .