Does Complete Basic Immunization Correlate with Pneumonia Incidents in Children under Five Years in Depok, Indonesia?

Abstract

ABSTRACT Pneumonia is the first globally infectious disease causing death in children under five years of age in which the discovery of cases has increased in Indonesia in recent years. Immunization is a major preventive effort against the disease and is administered through the DPT, Hib, measles, PCV, and rotavirus vaccines. The aim of this study was to understand the correlation between complete basic immunization administration, parental characteristics, and the characteristics of children under five years with the incidence of pneumonia among children in this age group in Depok, Indonesia. The study used a cross-sectional design. There were 104 samples chosen by consecutive sampling. The study was conducted at the public health center in Depok between April and June of 2018. The data collection used questionnaires, parental characteristics, characteristics of children under five years, and complete basic immunization data for the children, which was arranged by the researchers. The questionnaire was tested for validity and reliability. The results of the study showed that complete basic immunization (p: 0.000, α: 0.05), age (p: 0.002, α: 0.05), and nutritional status (p: 0.043, α: 0.05) had a significant correlation with the incidence of pneumonia in children under five years. Health education about the importance of complete basic immunization and balanced nutrition needs to be given to parents who have under-five years of age.