Abstract
Abstract. The Municipality of Coimbra in Portugal, and indeed the country as a whole, is currently undergoing a long-term land registration (cadastre creation) exercise, with approximately 50 % of the country having been surveyed, amounting to 1/3 of the total properties, by the end of 2013. The survey process is currently generating two-dimensional (2D) maps. However, as with many other countries, these maps have limitations when representing the real three-dimensional (3D) complexities of land and property ownership. Capturing 2D cadastre is an expensive process, and does not provide the required insight into the number of properties where the ownership situation is inadequately represented, as the survey does not include the internal building structure. Having information about the extent of the 2D/3D issue is, however, fundamental to making a decision as to whether to invest resources in even more expensive 3D survey. Given that the 3D complexity inside buildings is only known to residents/occupants - thus making crowd sourcing perhaps the only economically feasible approach for its capture - this paper describes the development of a web-based App envisaged for use by the general public to flag different land and property ownership situations. The paper focuses on two aspects of the problem - firstly, identifying an appropriate, clear, set of diagrams depicting the various different ownership situations from which the user can then pick one, and secondly prototyping and user testing an App for multi-platform VGI data capture in absence of direct feedback from the final end users - i.e. the general public.
Highlights
An up-to-date property cadastral system (defined as providing “data on land” and “the basis for legal aspects like ownership as well as fiscal aspects like taxation of land” as well as providing for “data for planning assignments” (Navratil and Frank, 2004) is fundamental for sustainable development and environmental protection (Navratil and Frank, 2013, Stoter, 2011, Dale and McLaughlin, 1999)
This paper describes the development of a web-based App envisaged for use by the general public to flag different land and property ownership situations
User1: “Great 3D sketches of both common and complex cadastral cases, : in terms of a shared property unit, the most common situation is possibly a shop on the ground floor shared by different buildings, not so much a flat; the illustration of the underground creeping freehold should be more generic not necessarily including neighbouring buildings”
Summary
An up-to-date property cadastral system (defined as providing “data on land” and “the basis for legal aspects like ownership as well as fiscal aspects like taxation of land” as well as providing for “data for planning assignments” (Navratil and Frank, 2004) is fundamental for sustainable development and environmental protection (Navratil and Frank, 2013, Stoter, 2011, Dale and McLaughlin, 1999). The majority of property cadastral registries use 2D parcels to register these types of information. While in many cases this is sufficient to give clear information about the legal status of real estate, in cases of multiple use of space, with stratified property rights in land, the traditional 2D cadastre can perhaps reflect the spatial information about those rights in the third dimension only in a limited way. With increasing urbanization (the United Nations predicts that 66% of the world’s population will live in urban areas in 2050, growing from a current figure of 54% (Department of Economic and Social Affairs, n.d.)) this situation is only going to get more complex as construction seeks to make best use of vertical and underground space on limited land. Previous work (de Almeida et al, 2012) highlights
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