Abstract

Piaget's theory of cognitive development defines the successive and universal developmental stages of the cognitive system. The order of the stages is fixed and extends from birth to the end of adolescence. In the current study, we have investigated the development of logical and mathematical reasoning among a mature sample following Piaget's theory of cognitive development. The current study examines whether continued biological development (the increase in age) and continued accumulation of life experience, learning, and education can develop thinking that contributes to the transition to the stage of formal operational thinking. The sample consisted of 1,000 adults aged between 18 and 76. The main conclusion of these results is that the process of cognitive development is driven primarily by an innate factor. The current study's findings suggest that SPC (Sensorimotor, Preoperational, and Concrete) and FPF (Formal and Post Formal) control the development of cognitive thinking and that they need further study at the molecular biology level.

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