Abstract
Augmented reality heads-up display (AR-HUD) is becoming increasingly popular as a way to keep drivers focusing on roads. By overlaying visuals on the windshield, AR-HUDs improve the drivers’ view of the environment outside the car, creating a stronger sense of awareness of the surroundings. However, whether AR-HUD and to what extent different AR-HUD layouts could improve drivers’ driving performance are still questionable. Unfortunately, AR-HUD is still at a research stage, not yet fully commercialized. Hence, there are few actual products in the market available for testing. For this reason, this study developed a virtual reality driving simulator to tested drivers’ driving performance environment under three scenarios: without AR-HUD, dispersed layout (AR-HUD1), and dense layout (AR-HUD2). Twelve subjects were invited to join the experiment. Their driving performance was measured in various aspects. This study showed that AR-HUD with interfaces that conform to human-computer interaction principles and visual design rules could improve cognitive resource allocation and promote driving safety. Conversely, a poor designed AR-HUD could negatively impact driving safety.
Highlights
D RIVING is a complex task that requires various characteristics and skills such as vision, attention, memory, and perceptual-motor skills
COGNITIVE RESOURCE ALLOCATION BASED ON FIXATION POINT DISTRIBUTION: Eye movement metrics are a direct measure for evaluating visual attention throughout the perception phase [34]
This study discovered that the dispersed augmented reality-based head-up devices (AR-head-up display (HUD)) (ARHUD1) layout’s visual search breadth had the highest values in both the horizontal and numerical directions, while the dense AR-HUD (AR-HUD2) design had the second highest
Summary
D RIVING is a complex task that requires various characteristics and skills such as vision, attention, memory, and perceptual-motor skills. Ma et al.: A Preliminary Study on Driving Performance Through a VR-Simulated Eye Movement Analysis user interfaces. While many researchers and practitioners focused on improving the design of AR-HUD systems, they did not demonstrate how and to what extent AR-HUD could affect driver performance Without knowing this question, AR-HUD manufacturers could only rely on ancient knowledge of traditional in-vehicle information systems to design AR-HUDs’ user interfaces and their usefulness. A VR-based driving simulator was built in this study to compare and testify whether different AR-HUD designs could affect drivers’ driving performance in a controlled setting. HUD is a technology that overcomes the limitations of traditional flat-screen systems by displaying important information in front of the line of sight [11], avoiding the need for drivers to look down at the driving instruments. The impact of different AR-HUD interfaces on driving performance was assessed
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