Does Adding Percutaneous Fixation to Vertebroplasty Result in Significant Improvement in Clinical Outcomes Compared to Vertebroplasty Only? A Retrospective Series of 51 Cases at a Mean of 3 Years

Abstract

Background: While vertebroplasty is a well-known technique for management of osteoporotic vertebral fractures, significant incidence of refracture and re-collapse can occur after vertebroplasty, which may necessitate a revision surgery in such weak bone conditions. The aim of this study is to compare the mid-term clinical outcomes of vertebroplasty versus vertebroplasty plus percutaneous fixation for management of osteoporotic vertebral fractures. Methods: This retrospective study included 51 patients who received surgical treatment for lumbar osteoporotic fractures. Group 1, the Vertebroplasty (VP) group included 28 patients, while group 2, Vertebroplasty Plus Percutaneous Fixation (VPPF) included 23 patients. The outcomes were measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), clinical and radiological findings for vertebral refracture or re-collapse, along with documenting perioperative and postoperative complications. Results: After a mean follow up of 36.7 months, the VPPF group had less incidence of mechanical complications, such as refracture, re collapse and cement leakage. On the other hand, the VP group had a lower surgery time, blood loss and wound complications. There were no significant differences in the VAS clinical score at the last follow up, while the VPPF group had slightly better ODI scores. Conclusions: VPPF resulted in more stable management for osteoporotic vertebral fractures with a less incidence of mechanical complications.