Abstract
BackgroundCross-sectional evidence has shown an association between abdominal obesity and lower muscle strength in older adults. However, no longitudinal findings have confirmed this association. In addition, the impact of abdominal fat on the reduction in muscle strength is not yet fully understood.MethodsWe investigated the longitudinal associations between abdominal obesity and handgrip strength in 5,181 older adults from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing over 8 years of follow-up. Muscular strength was measured using a manual dynamometer. Abdominal obesity was defined as a waist circumference >102 cm for men and >88 cm for women. Generalized linear mixed models were adjusted by measures of socioeconomic status, health conditions, lifestyle, cognition, depressive symptoms, biomarkers, and disability.ResultsAt baseline, the mean age of participants was 65.8 years and their mean waist circumference and body mass index (BMI) were 95 cm and 27.7 kg/m2, respectively. Fully adjusted models showed that abdominal obese men and women had stronger muscle strength at baseline. The decline over time in muscle strength was accelerated in abdominal obese men (−0.12 kg/year, 95% confidence interval: −0.24 to −0.01) compared with nonabdominal obese. This association was not found in women. Comparative analyses showed that overweight men according to their BMI were not at greater risk of muscle strength decline. However, these men were at risk based on their waist circumference.ConclusionsAbdominal obesity is associated with accelerated muscle strength decline in men.
Highlights
Cross-sectional evidence has shown an association between abdominal obesity and lower muscle strength in older adults
We investigated the longitudinal associations between abdominal obesity and handgrip strength in 5,181 older adults from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing over 8 years of follow-up
English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) sample was drawn from participants who had previously participated in the Health Survey for England (HSE) [7], an annual health examination survey that each year recruits a different nationally representative sample using a multistage stratified random probability design
Summary
Cross-sectional evidence has shown an association between abdominal obesity and lower muscle strength in older adults. Adjusted models showed that abdominal obese men and women had stronger muscle strength at baseline. The decline over time in muscle strength was accelerated in abdominal obese men (−0.12 kg/year, 95% confidence interval: −0.24 to −0.01) compared with nonabdominal obese. This association was not found in women. Comparative analyses showed that overweight men according to their BMI were not at greater risk of muscle strength decline. These men were at risk based on their waist circumference. Conclusions: Abdominal obesity is associated with accelerated muscle strength decline in men
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