Does a difference in kinesiological-function in elderly hemiplegic patients undergoing a vascular-health program have an effect on middle-finger venous-vessel width?

Abstract

it in both training programs and warm-up activities. DS incorporates whole body movements and involves activity and rhythmically contracting a muscle group through part of its functional ROM. However, there is no clear distinction regarding the duration of DS activity needed to expand ROM or enhance performances. Few previous studies have compared the acute effects of SS and DS. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of SS and DS on ROM and isometric muscle strength. Methods: Fifteen healthy adults ((mean± SD) age, 27± 2.6 years) participated in this study. Knee flexion ROM at prone with hip joint maximal extension position and isometric leg extension maximal voluntary contractions at knee joint angles of 90 deg were measured. Measurements were conducted before (pre-) and after (post-) at each of two different stretching protocols and a control (CON) condition in which one minute rest was performed. The left quadriceps muscles were stretched with both SS and DS protocols. SS protocol was held for 60 seconds, and DS protocol was performed in 12 repetitions for 72 seconds (10 beats/min). A repeated measure ANOVA (pre-SS vs. pre-DS vs. preCON) was used to analyze the ROM and muscle strength data. Differences between preand post-SS, DS and CON values in ROM and muscle strength were determined with paired t tests. SPSS software (version 21.0, IBM) was used for all statistical comparisons. Results: The results of the statistical analysis indicated that ROM increased at post-SS from 139.3± 10.2 deg to 144± 8.9 deg (p< 0.01, 95%IC; 2.71–6.61), and post-DS from 142± 8.6 deg to 138± 8.9 deg (p< 0.01, 95%IC; 2.45–5.55). CON unchanged after the intervention. Muscle strength decreased at post-SS from 301.7± 92.5N to 273.8± 73.9N (p< 0.01, 95%IC; 10.2–45.6), but not in DS and CON. A repeated measure ANOVA showed that there was no difference at pre-SS, pre-DS and pre-CON values in ROM and muscle strength. Conclusion(s): These results suggested that DSmay have greater applicability to expandROMwithout decreasingmuscle strength than SS. As for the duration of DS, activity at 10 beats/min can contribute to the flexibility but not impair performance on muscular power. Implications: Using dynamic stretching may have contributed to physical therapy.