Abstract
Dodonaea viscosa (Family: Sapindaceae) is a medicinal plant that has been used as anti-rheumatic and bone pain in Peru as a folk remedy. Ethanol extract obtained from D. viscosa leaves was partitioned as n-hexane fraction; chloroform fraction; ethyl acetate fraction; n-butanol fraction and aqueous fraction. Phytoconstituents from D. viscosa leaves were evaluated by using chemical reagents to identify the presence of each phytochemical. In addition, a cytotoxic effect was determined by the Sulforhodamine B (SRB) test. The results showed that the ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of leaves had the highest variety of phytoconstituents. The ethanol extrac of leaves exhibited a major inhibitory effect compared to different fractions in human colon cancer cells (HT-29). From these assays, it is concluded that D. viscosa does not possess any detectable cytotoxic effect on epidermal cells from mouse (3T3), and a slight cytotoxic effect against HT-29 tumor cells compared to 5-FU. This species could appear like a good source of herbal medicine in colorectal cancer disease.
Highlights
Colon cancer or colorectal cancer (CRC)ranks as third cancer in incidence and the second in mortality worldwide 1
The results showed that the ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of leaves had the highest variety of phytoconstituents
CRC is the result of uncontrolled cell growth in a specific part of the large intestine produced by multiple factors, which are involved in the development of colorectal cancer such as excessive alcohol consumption, family history, lack of physical activity, high-fat diets with no fiber old age, red meat, diabetes, and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and other chronic diseases linked to large intestine[2]
Summary
Ranks as third cancer in incidence and the second in mortality worldwide 1. Human beings get medicine from nature because they are continuously digging the knowledge from different plants and their effectiveness as treatment of several non-transmissible diseases[4]. (Family: Sapindaceae) is a shrub, rarely a small tree, and widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas of both hemispheres[11] It is used in folk medicine as a febrifuge, a diaphoretic drug, and for the treatment of rheumatism, gout, inflammations, swelling, and pain in Asian countries. The cytotoxic effect of Dodonaea viscosa in vitro has not been tested for colon cancer. We proposed to validate the medicinal potential of this plant, evaluating the different fractions obtained from Dodonaea viscosa leaves on HT-29 tumor cells
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