Abstract
The Culpepper site (41HP1) is a late (post-A.D. 1600) Titus phase site in the upper Sulphur River basin in East Texas. It is on a sandy knoll alongside Stouts Creek, a small northward-flowing stream in the White Oak Creek basin of the larger Sulphur River drainage. The site is in the modern-day Post Oak Savannah, but there are areas of tall grass prairie between Stouts Creek and White Oak Creek; the larger White Oak and Sulphur prairies lie approximately 15 km to the west and northwest. Excavations at the Culpepper site by University of Texas (UT) archaeologists in 1931 uncovered a number of ancestral Caddo burial features with associated ceramic vessel funerary offerings. These ceramic vessels are presently curated at the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory at The University of Texas at Austin (TARL). In this article I document and analyze the Culpepper site vessels to better ascertain the likely chronological age and social and cultural affiliation of the Caddo populations that occupied the Stouts Creek area, as well as their interrelationships with other known Caddo communities in East Texas.
Highlights
The Culpepper site (41HP1) is a late Titus phase site in the upper Sulphur River basin in (ast Te[as ()iJure 1). ,t is on a sanG\ Nnoll alonJsiGe Stouts CreeN a sPall northZarG-ÀoZinJ streaP in the White Oak Creek basin of the larger Sulphur River drainage
Four ¿ne ware vessels, are shell-tempered, and the decorative elements on these vessels indicate that they were made by McCurtain phase Caddo peoples living along the middle reaches of the Red River, perhaps in the Mound Prairie area in Red River County, Texas
More than 31 percent of the ¿ne ware vessels have had either a red (n 6) or white (n 3) clay pigment rubbed in the engraved designs
Summary
The Culpepper site (41HP1) is a late (post-A.D. 1600) Titus phase site in the upper Sulphur River basin in (ast Te[as ()iJure 1). ,t is on a sanG\ Nnoll alonJsiGe Stouts CreeN a sPall northZarG-ÀoZinJ streaP in the White Oak Creek basin of the larger Sulphur River drainage. The Culpepper site (41HP1) is a late (post-A.D. 1600) Titus phase site in the upper Sulphur River basin in (ast Te[as ()iJure 1). T is on a sanG\ Nnoll alonJsiGe Stouts CreeN a sPall northZarG-ÀoZinJ streaP in the White Oak Creek basin of the larger Sulphur River drainage. The site is in the modern-day Post Oak Savannah (Diggs et al 2006:Figure 2), but there are areas of tall grass prairie between Stouts Creek and White Oak Creek; the larger White Oak and Sulphur prairies lie approximately 15 km to the west and northwest (see Jordan 1981)
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