Abstract
The aim of current study is to provide a significant traditional knowledge on wild medicines used for ethnoveterinary purposes in the rural area of Maraog region in district Shimla. The medicinal plants have played a significant role in the treatment of human as well as animal’s diseases. The rural people of the Maraog region were interviewed through a questionnaire and extensive field surveys were conducted from June 2020 to July 2021. The discussion, observations and interviews were conducted in study site and included 96 informants. The information gathered from the residents is presented in a table format and includes scientific and local names, different parts used, diseases treated and mode administration. The most commonly used taxa are calculated with used value. The study revealed 100 plants in which trees (7), shrubs (26), herbs (56), ferns (5), grasses (3) and climbers (3) were identified. The most commonly documented livestock diseases were found to be hoof infections, eyes infections, poisoning and skin infections. In the current study, the Rosaceae family was reported as being the highest number (11), followed by Asteraceae (10) and then Lamiaceae (6). It was found that leaves, roots, flowers and fruits are the commonly used parts for ethnoveterinary medications. The phytochemicals present in the plant, such as alkaloids, sterols, glycosides, flavonoids, lignin, coumarins and terpenoids, etc., may be responsible for their medicinal properties. In this documentation, it was observed that the younger generation does not have good knowledge of medicinal plants as compared to the older ones. Therefore, it is necessary to preserve the traditional knowledge of these medicinal plants before their permanent loss. The documentation and conservation of medicinal plants can be a good start for novel phytopharmacological research in the veterinary field.
Highlights
Ethnoveterinary medicine is a branch of science that explores the values, methods, skills, procedures and practices used for animal health care [1,2,3,4]
Some ethnomedicinal plants in the study area are well known for ethnoveterinary purpose was found as Chenopodium album, Cannabis sativa, Cynodon dactylon, Bromus hordeaceus, Cedrus deodara, Ajuga parviflora, Foeniculum vulgare, Sonchus oleraceus and Urtica dioica
The primary goal of the ethnoveterinary study is to compile a list of plant species that have ethnoveterinary applications in the unexplored region of tehsil Chopal in district Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
Summary
Ethnoveterinary medicine is a branch of science that explores the values, methods, skills, procedures and practices used for animal health care [1,2,3,4]. In rural areas of the northwestern Himalaya, plants are important for ethnic communities’ survival. World Health Organization (WHO) reports, approximately 80% of the world’s population is directly dependent on plant resources for their health, especially those living in rural regions [5,6]. India is considered a rich source of biodiversity, with two mega biodiversity hotspots, the Western Ghats and Eastern Himalayas [7]. The state of Himachal Pradesh has about 3256 plant species [8]. There are 3120 species of angiosperms, 124 species of pteridophytes and 12 species of gymnosperms in Himachal Pradesh. The high and low hills are covered with coniferous forests, with oak trees growing in the hollows. Firs and spruce dominate the higher elevations, while pines cover the lower elevations.
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