Docking of Alkaloid as a Source of Potential Anticholinesterase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

Abstract

Alzheimer's dementia affects 6.2 million Americans aged 65 and older, according to estimates. If no medical advances are made to prevent, slow down, or cure AD, this figure might increase to 13.8 million by 2060. The "APP", "APOE4", and "PSEN1" genes, which are responsible for AD, are playing a molecular function in our bodies on chromosomes 21, 19, and 14, depending on whether they are displaying low risk or high risk. This study describes the alternative therapeutic targets, incidence, prevalence, mortality, and morbidity of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and how it affects public health. By using computational methods, it was discovered that the biology underlying those genes. How the Clustal Omega alignment of the sequences of many species gave us 100% identity. The study on the comparative genome viewer based on assembly-assembly alignment published by NCBI came after the Ramachandran plot based on φ and ψ values, where the best model quality was observed by assessing the Q mean or Z score. Once the targets were set, the efficient ligands "ALKALOIDC", "PIPERIDINE", and "SANGUINARINE" in order to continue working on protein structures were studied. One should be familiar with 2D and 3D models of proteins to do this. The demand for new medicines that provide improved symptomatic benefit and disease-slowing capabilities, as well as the identification of several new therapeutic targets, has led to a greater focus on protein-ligand interaction by employing molecular docking. The anticholinesterase activity of alkaloids, together with their structural diversity and physicochemical properties, makes them good candidate agents for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Future research should include more rigorous clinical studies of the most promising alkaloids, the further development of recently discovered candidate alkaloids, and the continual search for new alkaloids for relevant drug targets. It remains promising that an alkaloid drug candidate could significantly affect the progression of AD in addition to providing symptomatic relief.