Abstract
In millimeter wave (mmWave) communications, the feature of relatively large signal absorption and directional transmission render new challenges for wireless communications and signal processing. To further improve the performance of mmWave communications, a novel radar-aided mmWave communication (RAMC) approach is proposed, which can be used in vehicular communications. There are two parts in the proposed RAMC system, including the radar subsystem and the mmWave communication subsystem. In the radar subsystem, the bistatic co-prime multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) arrays are considered. With the radar antenna arrays, both the directions of departure (DoD) and the directions of arrival (DoA) are estimated. Additionally, the compressed sensing (CS)-based method is proposed to obtain the target positions. Using the estimated angle and position information, the channel estimation and feedback link of the mmWave communication subsystem can be eliminated. Moreover, a hybrid beamforming algorithm is proposed in the mmWave communication subsystem, which can overcome the shortage of the analog-only beamforming. Simulation results show that the better estimation performance can be achieved by the bistatic co-prime MIMO arrays than that by the traditional uniform linear arrays (ULA), and with the radar aided, the mmWave communication subsystem can reduce the beam search time, and the cell discovery time is improved significantly.
Highlights
Millimeter wave communications have been receiving tremendous interest by academia, industry and government as an option to realize the 5G cellular systems
In the mmWave multiple-input and multiple-out (MIMO) communication subsystem, based on the parameters including positions and velocities obtained from the MIMO radar system, the efficiency as well as the performance of channel estimation, sector and beam selection, hybrid beamforming, cell discover and inter-cell handover can all be improved
Since the hybrid beamforming algorithms of the transmitter and receiver both belong to long-term beamforming algorithm, the matrix W a and F has no relationship with the path gain {αk (q)}kK=1, and has only been affected by the directions of arrival (DoA), directions of departure (DoD) and the transmit power
Summary
Millimeter wave (mmWave) communications have been receiving tremendous interest by academia, industry and government as an option to realize the 5G cellular systems. In the fixed weight beamforming, constant antenna weights are applied to the array elements in the analog or digital domain to steer the main beam. In the traditional mmWave communications, the following issues have not yet been tackled efficiently. In this paper, a radar-aided mmWave communication (RAMC). In the mmWave MIMO communication subsystem, based on the parameters including positions and velocities obtained from the MIMO radar system, the efficiency as well as the performance of channel estimation, sector and beam selection, hybrid beamforming, cell discover and inter-cell handover can all be improved. The bistatic co-prime MIMO arrays and mmWave MIMO communication system are given, and the CS-based method is proposed for the DoD and DoA estimation. CN (μ, R) denotes the complex Gaussian distribution with the mean being μ and the variance matrix being R. k · k2 , k · k0 , k · k, ⊗, vec {·}, (·)| and (·)H denote the norm, the0 norm, Frobenius norms, the Kronecker product, the vectorization of a matrix, the matrix transpose and the Hermitian transpose, respectively
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