Abstract
Do we have to reconsider the evolutionary emergence of myelin?
Highlights
A recent publication (Smith et al, 2013) reported the genome sequence of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)
The fact that myelin basic protein (MBP) had not been traced in species more ancient than gnathostomata (Gould et al, 2005; Nawaz et al, 2013) founded the concept that myelin and MBP emerged at about the same time, probably interrelated
Smith et al propose that MBP and myelinating cells may have evolved before jawed vertebrates
Summary
A recent publication (Smith et al, 2013) reported the genome sequence of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus). The evolution of myelin basic protein (MBP) is relevant because MBP is an abundant structural myelin constituent essential for myelination in the central nervous system (CNS). The fact that MBP had not been traced in species more ancient than gnathostomata (Gould et al, 2005; Nawaz et al, 2013) founded the concept that myelin and MBP emerged at about the same time, probably interrelated.
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