Do the outcomes of robotic cholecystectomy in elderly worsen with age?

Abstract

The elderly population are at an increased risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality due to their disease profile. Minimally invasive surgery and in particular the robotic approach may improve the outcomes of cholecystectomy in the elderly. Patients who underwentrobotic cholecystectomy (RC)and were older than 65 at the time of the procedurewere included in this retrospective study. Pre-, intra-, and postoperative variables of the whole cohort were initially reported and then compared between three different age ranges. In total, 358 elder patients were included. Mean age ± Standard deviation was 74.5 ± 6.9years. Males constituted 43% of the cohort. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) scores were mostly ASA-3 (64%). One hundred and fifty-seven (43.9%) were emergent procedures. Conversion to open surgery rate was 2.2%. Median hospital length of stay was 2days. With a mean follow-up of 28months, overall complication rate was 12.3%. After subdividing into three age groups (A:65-69; B:70-79; C:80 +), we noticed significantly higher comorbidities in group C. Same-day discharge was lower in the older patients. However, overall complications and conversion to open remained comparable between the three groups. This is the first study to investigate the outcomes of RC in patients older than 65. RC provided low conversion and complication rates, that are also comparable between the different age ranges, despite the higher comorbidities in patients older than 80.