Do Paradoxical Virtual Leadership and Emotional Intelligence have Relationships? In Particular from Technology Dependence, Geographical Dispersion, and Human Capital Tensions

Abstract

This study intended to investigate issues on the relationship between paradoxical virtual leadership and emotional intelligence; accordingly, two main questions were addressed; the first one was, investigating what is known and unknown about the concept of paradoxical virtual leadership; and the second question was to describe the relationship between paradoxical virtual leadership and emotional intelligence, in the existing literature. In this regard, methodologically, the study was employed narrative review strategy and 38 relevant studies were selected from various research databases, to answer the raised questions shown earlier. And also, the findings of the studies presented descriptively using content analysis method. As the findings of this study revealed that the major focuses of the previous studies were limited to transformational leadership style, emotional intelligence, virtual teams, and information communication and technology. This shows sufficient studies were not yet conducted on the relationship of virtual leader’s (except transformational leadership style) and emotional intelligence from the paradoxical tensions such as geographical dispersion and human capital. Therefore, it is recommended to employee Purvanova and Kenda’s model and Goleman’s model in combination, to assess their relationships in a comprehensive manner.