Abstract
PICO question
 In cats infected with papillomavirus, is the risk of developing feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma greater than cats that are not infected with papillomavirus?
 
 Clinical bottom line
 Category of research question
 Risk
 The number and type of study designs reviewed
 Eleven papers were critically reviewed, nine were case-control studies and two were experimental in vitro studies
 Strength of evidence
 Moderate
 Outcomes reported
 Infection of feline epithelial skin cells with Felis catus papillomavirus type 2 (FcaPV-2) is a risk factor for the development of feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. The pathogenesis of FcaPV-2 infection and neoplastic transformation into malignant cells shares similar pathways to the human papillomavirus (HPV) model of pathogenesis and carcinogenesis with some differences
 Conclusion
 In conclusion, there is moderate strength of evidence in the literature to support a role of FcaPV-2 in the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas in cats. Therefore, prevention of infection with FcaPV-2 should prevent some cancers
 
 How to apply this evidence in practice
 The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.
 Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
 
Highlights
Intervention details: DNA was extracted from each Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) sample for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing
Increased p16 immunostaining was detected in all bowenoid in situ carcinoma (BISC), feline viral plaques and UV-protected squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) lesions
Presence/absence of Felis catus papillomavirus 2 (FcaPV-2) from the FFPE SCC lesions based on amplification of its DNA using conventional PCR
Summary
Population: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) feline skin tissue samples including invasive squamous cell carcinoma (ISCC), bowenoid in situ carcinoma (BISC) and non-neoplastic skin. Intervention details: DNA was extracted from each FFPE sample for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. This included two amplifications: 1) to amplify DNA specific to feline papillomavirus type 1 (FcaPV-1) and canine papillomavirus (CaPV) – the narrowrange amplification; 2) to amplify a broad spectrum of papillomaviruses across multiple species – the broad-range amplification. Outcome studied: Presence or absence of papillomaviral DNA (narrow-range and broad-range) within the FFPE samples. Narrow-range amplification of FcaPV-1 and CaPV DNA yielded positive results in one BISC sample, and negative results in all other lesions. Broad-range amplification of PV DNA yielded positive results in five BISCs and four SCC lesions
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