Do Managers Seek Control and Entrenchment?

Abstract

At the IPO date, thrifts have a uniquely diffuse ownership structure and regulatory environment. This allows us to perform a natural experiment to test whether managers seek to entrench themselves. We find strong evidence that managers seek the level of ownership commonly associated with entrenchment (20% to 30%). Also, managers exploit the regulatory environment, by increasing ownership during the five years of takeover protection. This suggests that takeover fears are a strong driver of insider ownership. Finally, we find that managers issue less equity, make shares less liquid and maintain higher debt ratios to support their pursuit of entrenchment.