Abstract
Vaccination against porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is commonly performed in piglets worldwide, and increasingly also in sows. We conducted a literature search and review to assess the potential interference of maternally derived antibodies (MDA) in piglets with vaccination against PCV2. The effectiveness of vaccination was compared to no vaccination in the presence of high levels of MDA (≥8 log2 IPMA titer), as reported in field studies. In total, 13 papers fulfilled the predefined inclusion criteria, allowing up to 24 comparisons per parameter. In the presence of high levels of MDA, vaccinated pigs had, on average, a 20 g/d higher mean daily weight gain and a 34% lower mortality compared to non-vaccinates. The maximum percentage of viremic pigs was reduced by 63% and the maximum viral load in serum was 0.72 log10 PCV2 DNA copies lower. Vaccination at 3 weeks of age was associated with the highest improvements in production parameters and reductions in viremia. Our findings suggest that the vaccination of piglets is effective with respect to production parameters and viremia even in the presence of high MDA, with an age of 3 weeks at vaccination being most beneficial.
Highlights
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is recognized as one of the most important pathogens of the pig population worldwide [1]
Our findings suggest that the vaccination of piglets is effective with respect to production parameters and viremia even in the presence of high maternally derived antibodies (MDA), with an age of 3 weeks at vaccination being most beneficial
This study aimed to evaluate the potential interference of MDA on the vaccination of piglets against PCV2, as reported in field studies identified by the literature review, thereby investigating the effect of potential co-variates
Summary
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is recognized as one of the most important pathogens of the pig population worldwide [1]. PCV2 causes a disease complex previously described as post-weaning multisystem wasting syndrome, which is grouped together with many other PCV2-associated clinical conditions (such as respiratory syndrome, enteritic disease, dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome as well as reproductive failure) as porcine circovirusassociated disease (PCVAD) [2]. The clinical manifestations of PCVAD vary from subclinical infections to severe, deadly porcine circovirus-associated disease. PCVAD may manifest as a sporadic individual animal diagnosis, and as severe herd problem [1]. The use of vaccination has shifted the impact of PCV2 on general pig health from a period of worldwide severe clinical outbreaks (1997–2007) to self-limiting subclinical infections with occasional outbreaks. With the widespread vaccination of piglets and the increasing use of PCV2 vaccines in sows, levels of maternally derived antibodies (MDA) and their potential interference with the effectiveness of piglet vaccination have become increasingly important [4]
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