Do ground-glass opacity-dominant features have prognostic significance in node-negative adenocarcinomas with invasive components of similar sizes?

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyse the prognostic significance of the dominant features of ground-glass opacities (GGOs) in part-solid node-negative adenocarcinomas with invasive components of similar sizes. From 2004 to 2017, a total of 544 patients with a diagnosis of part-solid pathological node-negative adenocarcinoma with an invasive component <20 mm in size were selected. The enrolled patients were categorized into 2 groups: a GGO-dominant [50% < GGO (%) < 100%, n = 245] group (group 1) and a solid-dominant [0% < GGO (%) ≤ 50%, n = 299] group (group 2). To analyse the prognostic significance of GGO-dominant features, propensity score matching incorporating variables such as age, sex, preoperative pulmonary function, operation methods and size of the solid component was performed. Propensity score matching produced 92 patients in each group for the prognostic analysis. The mean size of the solid part was 8.8 mm in the GGO-dominant group and 9.0 mm in the solid-dominant group (P = 0.34); the mean size of the total lesion was 22.2 mm in the GGO-dominant group and 14.9 mm in the solid-dominant group (P < 0.001). The 5-year overall survival rates were 96.7% in group 1 and 96.2% in group 2 (P = 0.52), and the 5-year disease-free survival rates were 96.7% in group 1 and 94.3% in group 2 (P = 0.48). Although the total sizes of the GGO-dominant lesions were larger than those of the solid-dominant lesions, the prognosis of patients with GGO-dominant lesions was not significantly different from that of patients with solid-dominant lesions in node-negative adenocarcinomas with a similar invasive component size <20 mm.