Abstract
A Research Fellowship from the Wildlife Conservation Society, New York, and a Marie Curie Fellowship from the European Commission, Brussels, Belgium. Sponsorship was provided by Jaguar Land Rover South Africa and De Beers Consolidated Mines.
Highlights
Interspecific competition among mammalian carnivore species is common and results in a range of different behavioural mechanisms to partition resources and coexist
We excluded the jackal core area that did not overlap either species, and the overlap of the utilisation distributions (UD) within the remaining core areas was low between jackals and African wild dogs (X ± SE = 0.006 ± 0.006; range = 0.000–0.018) and between jackals and lions (0.011 ± 0.008; range = 0.000–0.063), and there was no significant difference in overlap between jackals and both African wild dogs and lions (Z = 0.000, n = 12, p = 1.000)
The extent of spatial partitioning between jackals and both African wild dogs and lions depended on scale
Summary
Interspecific competition among mammalian carnivore species is common and results in a range of different behavioural mechanisms to partition resources and coexist. Reasons for the differences in spatial avoidance of larger carnivores by smaller carnivores is not known, but could be due to the use of other behavioural mechanisms to facilitate coexistence (Broekhuis et al, 2013; Dröge et al, 2017; Kamler et al, 2012; Périquet et al, 2016; Vanak et al, 2013). This study determined if spatial partitioning occurred at different scales between jackals and both lions and African wild dogs. Research was carried out on De Beers Venetia Limpopo Nature Reserve (VLNR), where jackals were confirmed to be killed by African wild dogs (Kamler et al, 2007) To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the spatial relationships between jackals and large carnivores. Our research will help determine whether jackals use spatial partitioning at different scales to coexist with large carnivores
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