Abstract
This study is designed to understand the community structure and diversity of fungi in the rhizosphere soil of grape. As the sample for this study, the rhizosphere soil of Crimson seedless grape with different planting years was collected from Shihezi in Xinjiang to carry out high-throughput sequencing, by which the complete sequence of soil fungi DNA was identified, and accordingly, the richness and diversity index of fungi were determined. The results showed that the dominant phyla of fungi in the grape rhizosphere soil with different planting years were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, and the dominant classes of fungi were Sordariomycetes and Dothideomycetes. Soil organic matter, total potassium, total nitrogen and available phosphorus were the main soil fertility factors affecting the abundance and diversity of soil fungal communities, among which soil organic matter had the most significant influence. In addition, the fungal diversity and richness were highest in the middle layer (20–35 cm) of the grape rhizosphere soil with 12 planting years and lowest in the lower layer (35–50 cm) of the grape rhizosphere soil with 5 planting years. Linear discriminant analysis suggested that there were more biomarkers in the vineyard rhizosphere soil with 10 planting years, which meant there were more fungal communities with significant difference in the soil, especially in the middle layer (20–35). The results of this study can provide data reference and theoretical basis for improving vineyard soil quality, evaluating soil microecological effects and improving ecological environment of vineyard soil.
Highlights
This study is designed to understand the community structure and diversity of fungi in the rhizosphere soil of grape
As the key factor determining the value of grape products, grape quality is closely related to planting techniques and many ecological factors, which can directly affect the diversity of soil microbial community
The results showed that the abundance of Basidiomycota was negatively significantly correlated with total phosphorus (TP) (P < 0.05) and extremely negatively correlated with SOM (P < 0.01); the abundance of Glomeromycota was negatively significantly correlated with ammonium nitrogen (AN) (P < 0.05) and extremely positively correlated with XN (P < 0.01); the abundance of Kickxellomycota was positively significantly correlated to TK, showed that available phosphorus (SP) and pH (P < 0.05); the abundance of Zoopagomycota was positively significantly correlated with SP (P < 0.05) and extremely positively correlated to AN (P < 0.01); the abundance of Chytridiomycota was positively significantly correlated to XN (P < 0.05); the abundance of Mortierellomycota was positively significantly correlated to pH (P < 0.05); and the abundance of Blastocladiomycota was negatively significantly correlated with total nitrogen (TN) (P < 0.05)
Summary
This study is designed to understand the community structure and diversity of fungi in the rhizosphere soil of grape. As the sample for this study, the rhizosphere soil of Crimson seedless grape with different planting years was collected from Shihezi in Xinjiang to carry out high-throughput sequencing, by which the complete sequence of soil fungi DNA was identified, and the richness and diversity index of fungi were determined. As the key factor determining the value of grape products, grape quality is closely related to planting techniques and many ecological factors, which can directly affect the diversity of soil microbial community. The technology was used to study the diversity and community structure of fungi in grape rhizosphere soil with different planting years and different soil depths and to explore the effects of soil physicochemical properties on the fungal community structure and diversity, so as to provide theoretical basis for improving the ecological environment of vineyard soil, improving soil quality and preventing grape diseases
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