Abstract
The specificity and simplicity of the Watson–Crick base pair interactions make DNA one of the most versatile construction materials for creating nanoscale structures and devices. Among several DNA-based approaches, the DNA origami technique excels in programmable self-assembly of complex, arbitrary shaped structures with dimensions of hundreds of nanometers. Importantly, DNA origami can be used as templates for assembly of functional nanoscale components into three-dimensional structures with high precision and controlled stoichiometry. This is often beyond the reach of other nanofabrication techniques. In this Perspective, we highlight the capability of the DNA origami technique for realization of novel nanophotonic systems. First, we introduce the basic principles of designing and fabrication of DNA origami structures. Subsequently, we review recent advances of the DNA origami applications in nanoplasmonics, single-molecule and super-resolution fluorescent imaging, as well as hybrid photonic systems. We conclude by outlining the future prospects of the DNA origami technique for advanced nanophotonic systems with tailored functionalities.
Highlights
The specificity and simplicity of the Watson−Crick base pair interactions make DNA one of the most versatile construction materials for creating nanoscale structures and devices
DNA origami can be used as templates for assembly of functional nanoscale components into three-dimensional structures with high precision and controlled stoichiometry
This is often beyond the reach of other nanofabrication techniques. In this Perspective, we highlight the capability of the DNA origami technique for realization of novel nanophotonic systems
Summary
(f) Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are often used to characterize two- and three-dimensional origami structures. The interaction of fluorophores and optical antennas consisting of metal NPs has been studied in terms of fluorescence enhancement, SERS, and FRET efficiency, and the first steps toward the analysis of the effect of optical antennas on the emission properties of fluorophores were taken.[177] Through a combination of DNA nanotechnology, plasmonics, and super-resolution microscopy, the quantitative study of the emission coupling of single molecules to optical nanoantennas revealed that it can lead to mislocalizations in farfield images (Figure 4j) Another type of hybrid nanostructure includes the combination of DNA origami structures with the top-down lithographic photonic structures.
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