Abstract
DNA can assemble various molecules and nanomaterials in a programmed fashion and is a powerful tool in the nanotechnology and biology research fields. DNA also allows the construction of desired nanoscale structures via the design of DNA sequences. Structural nanotechnology, especially DNA origami, is widely used to design and create functionalized nanostructures and devices. In addition, DNA molecular machines have been created and are operated by specific DNA strands and external stimuli to perform linear, rotational, and reciprocating movements. Furthermore, complicated molecular systems have been created on DNA nanostructures by arranging multiple molecules and molecular machines precisely to mimic biological systems. Currently, DNA nanomachines, such as molecular motors, are operated on DNA nanostructures. Dynamic DNA nanostructures that have a mechanically controllable system have also been developed. In this review, we describe recent research on new DNA nanomachines and nanosystems that were built on designed DNA nanostructures.
Highlights
DNA nanotechnology is growing rapidly and is widely accepted as a tool in multidisciplinary research fields
The DNA molecular machines have been combined with the DNA nanostructures, and mechanical nanodevices are currently being created with nanoscale precision; the mechanical parts of these nanodevices are operated by specific molecules, metal ions, and external stimuli, such as light, pH, and temperature [4]
We review the recent progress in the research on DNA nanomachines and nanosystems constructed in the designed DNA nanostructures
Summary
DNA nanotechnology is growing rapidly and is widely accepted as a tool in multidisciplinary research fields. DNA can control the formation of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) through selective sequence-dependent base pairing, and the expected structures are formed based on a periodic double-helical geometry. This technology allows the construction of various self-assembled structures that are used for the placement and arrangement of functional molecules and nanomaterials, to produce complex molecular devices. The double-helical structure is formed via hydrogen bonding of base pairs, so that the dissociation and association of complementary DNA strands can be controlled reversibly by heating and cooling, respectively. We describe the applications of DNA origami nanomachines to optical and biological devices
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