Abstract
Precise control over the morphologies of nanomaterials is of great importance in nanoscience, as the properties of nanomaterials are strongly dependent on their size, shape, and composition. Taking advantage of the strict base-pairing principle, DNA origami provides a simple way of fabricating complex architectures with nanoscale precision. DNA origami nanostructures have exhibited great potential in tuning the morphology and customizing the functions of various nanomaterials. In this paper, we briefly summarize the progress of shape-controllable fabrication of metal, metal oxide, inorganic nonmetallic nanomaterials, and polymer nanomaterials based on DNA origami. Furthermore, the remaining obstacles and prospects of shape-controllable nanomaterials fabrication directed by DNA origami are also discussed.
Highlights
The morphology of nanomaterials is crucial to their physical and chemical properties, such as mechanical,1,2 optical,3–5 electromagnetic properties,6,7 and catalytic activities.8,9 DNA origami technology provides a precise way to realize shape-controlled nanofabrication.10–12 The DNA origami structure is composed of a long circular scaffold strand extracted from a bacteriophage and a large number of short staple strands [Fig. 1(a)]
We mainly focus on the shape-controllable fabrication of metal, metal oxide scitation.org/journal/apm scitation.org/journal/apm nanomaterials, inorganic nonmetallic nanomaterials, and polymer nanomaterials under the directing of DNA origami templates
DNA origami is a promising technique to assist the fabrication of different materials at the nanoscale because of its distinguished programmability and addressability
Summary
The morphology of nanomaterials is crucial to their physical and chemical properties, such as mechanical, optical, electromagnetic properties, and catalytic activities. DNA origami technology provides a precise way to realize shape-controlled nanofabrication. The DNA origami structure is composed of a long circular scaffold strand extracted from a bacteriophage and a large number of short staple strands [Fig. 1(a)]. Based on the addressability of DNA origami, exquisite patterns or symbols were designed and fabricated [Fig. 1(d)].23–26. Attributed to the advantages of DNA origami such as addressability and shape customization, recent years have witnessed tremendous progress in the precise assembly of metal structures, and the applications in the nanodrug carriers, artificial enzyme systems, biosensing, and nano-logic computing devices based on DNA origami structures.. The design and synthesis of nanomaterials with controllable morphology using DNA origami as templates or molds attracted much attention. Fabrication methods discussed in this paper include chemical synthesis based on the site specificity of DNA origami and lithography technology mediated by DNA origami’s intrinsic morphologies. With the help of DNA origami technology, these functional materials with pre-designed shapes have greatly expanded their application prospects
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