DNA nanosheet as an excellent fluorescence anisotropy amplification platform for accurate and sensitive biosensing

Abstract

Recently, various inorganic nanomaterials have been used as fluorescence anisotropy (FA) enhancers for biosensing successfully. However, most of them are size-uncontrollable and possess an intensive fluorescence quenching ability, which will seriously reduce the accuracy and sensitivity of FA method. Herein, we report a two-dimensional DNA nanosheet (DNS) without fluorescence quenching effect as a novel FA amplification platform. In our strategy, fluorophore-labeled probe DNA (pDNA) is linked onto the DNS surface through the hybridization with the handle DNA (hDNA) that extended from the DNS, resulting in the significantly enhanced FA value. After the addition of target, the pDNA was released from the DNS surface due to the high affinity between the hDNA and target, and the FA was decreased. Thus, target could be detected by the significantly decreased FA value. The linear range was 10–50 nM and the limit of detection was 8 nM for the single-stranded DNA detection. This new method is general and has been also successfully applied for the detection of ATP and thrombin sensitively. Our method improved the accuracy of FA assay and has great potential to detect series of biological analytes in complex biosensing systems.