Abstract
Forty-seven Japanese plum (Prunus salicina) cultivars were genotyped with eight microsatellite markers, aiming at obtaining the DNA fingerprinting profiling, distinguishing and characterizing a representative set of Japanese plum cultivars. The eight SSR loci amplified 104 alleles (8 to 21 alleles per locus, mean 13). Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) ranged from 0.680 to 0.886 (mean 0.803). The observed heterozigozity (Ho) ranged from 0.529 to 0.915 (mean 0.770). Probability of Identity (I) of each locus ranged from 0.019 to 0.113 (mean 0.054). The combined Probability of Identity was 2.66 x 1011, and the Power of Exclusion of the eight loci was 99.99976%. 57 out of 104 alleles showed frequency lower than 0.05. These low allele frequencies contributed to raise the distinguish ability of plum cultivars. These results will contribute, as excellent descriptors, to select parental for crossings, to perform early identification of segregating clones with potential to be cultivars, and to protect the cultivars.
Highlights
Japanese plum (Prunus salicina) is one of the two predominating species in large-scale commercial plum production
Forty-seven Japanese plum (Prunus salicina) cultivars were genotyped with eight microsatellite markers, aiming at obtaining the DNA fingerprinting profiling, distinguishing and characterizing a representative set of Japanese plum cultivars
The term Japanese plum was originally applied to P. salicina, but includes all the freshmarket plums developed by intercrossing various diploid species with the original one
Summary
Japanese plum (Prunus salicina) is one of the two predominating species in large-scale commercial plum production. Varieties of this species have a wide range of adaptation from temperate regions to the subtropics and are the predominant fresh market type in America and Asia. At the end of the 19th century, Luther Burbank crossed imported P. salicina with P. simonii and several American plum species. These cultivars formed the base for current cultivars. Japanese plum cultivars are a mixture of P. salicina and at least one other plum species. Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 14: 139-145, 2014 cultivars from the Prunus breeding program at EPAGRIVideira Experimental Station could be discriminated from other cultivars
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