Abstract
Fatty acids play a significant role in maintaining cellular and DNA protection and we previously found an inverse relationship between blood levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and DNA damage. The aim of this study was to explore differences in proteomic profiles, for 117 pro-inflammatory proteins, in two previously defined groups of individuals with different DNA damage and EPA and DHA levels. Healthy children and adolescents (n = 140) aged 9 to 13 years old in an urban area of Brazil were divided by k-means cluster test into two clusters of DNA damage (tail intensity) using the comet assay (cluster 1 = 5.9% ± 1.2 and cluster 2 = 13.8% ± 3.1) in our previous study. The cluster with higher DNA damage and lower levels of DHA (6.2 ± 1.6 mg/dL; 5.4 ± 1.3 mg/dL, p = 0.003) and EPA (0.6 ± 0.2 mg/dL; 0.5 ± 0.1 mg/dL, p < 0.001) presented increased expression of the proteins CDK8–CCNC, PIK3CA–PIK3R1, KYNU, and PRKCB, which are involved in pro-inflammatory pathways. Our findings support the hypothesis that low levels of n-3 long-chain PUFA may have a less protective role against DNA damage through expression of pro-inflammatory proteins, such as CDK8–CCNC, PIK3CA–PIK3R1, KYNU, and PRKCB.
Highlights
Over 151 children and adolescents were recruited for the study, 141 individuals met the inclusion criteria and 140 had DNA damage results that met our predetermined quality standard
Separate biological pathways often interact in the functioning of the biological system
We found associations between docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), DNA damage, and six proteins involved in inflammatory
Summary
Recent advances in omics sciences have enabled the study of health processes that facilitate the development of personalized medicine [1,2,3]. These methodological improvements are advancing precision nutrition based on the availability of big data in genomics, metabolomics, proteomics, and various computational analyses. Alone or in combinations, can influence several mechanisms of biological systems, including the expression of proteins [4]. Proteomics studies can help elucidate the interactions between nutrients and gene expression, leading to a better understanding of the role of nutrition on maintenance of health [4]
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