DNA barcoding and morpho-anatomical characters of two forms of &lt;i&gt;Convolvulus arvensis&lt;/i&gt; L. (Convolvulaceae) grown in Asir region, Saudi Arabia

Abdelraheem Tawfek,Ali Shati,Mahmoud Moustafa,Mohmed Al-Kahtani,Saad Alamri,Sulaiman Alrumman

doi:10.3329/bjpt.v26i2.44581

DNA barcoding and morpho-anatomical characters of two forms of <i>Convolvulus arvensis</i> L. (Convolvulaceae) grown in Asir region, Saudi Arabia

Abdelraheem Tawfek, Ali Shati + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v26i2.44581

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Abstract

DNA barcoding and morpho-anatomical characters of two forms of Convolvulus arvensis L. growing in Asir region, Saudi Arabia were studied. We applied three molecular markers, ITS, rbcL and matK for phylogenetic reconstruction in combination with 24 morpho-anatomical characters to provide proposal for the recognition of its population under two forms. Plant samples were collected from ten various populations of C. arvensis supposed to be of two different forms, and finally these have been found to be of two new forms (small leaf) and form (large leaf) for the flora of Saudi Arabia. TWINSPAN results showed that there was negative group with twenty one objects including stem length, stem thickness, seed shapes, petiole length, leaf apex, leaf length, petal circumference, leaf width, capsule length, capsule width, stamen length, anther width, anther length, carpel length, venations type, pollen grains shape, T.S of stem, root and leaf, stigma shape and anther base surface and positive group including hairs, stomata and anther shape. Dendrogram upon morpho-anatomical characters resolved two main clusters, one cluster of form (large leaf) and the other of form (small leaf). Amplified gene region for the form (small leaf)-rbcL showed 100% identity with C. lineatus; form (small leaf)-matK and form (large leaf)-matK had 99% identity with Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. Form of (small leaf)–ITS had 100% identity with that of C. arvensis; form (large leaf)-rbcL had 100% identity with those of C. arvensis and C. lineatus. Form (large leaf)–ITS had 99% identity with that of C. arvensis. The results of molecular phylogenetic analyses based on certain morphological and rbcL data support two main clusters within C. arvensis which is consistent with two forms, form (small leaf) and form (large leaf).

Highlights

Convolvulus arvensis L. is one of the most common weeds all over the world found mostly in about 54 countries distributed in 32 different economic crops (Holm et al, 1997)
No infraspecific category for C. arvensis has been reported in Saudi Arabia (Collenette, 1985; Migahid, 1978 and 1996) while one variety has been registered in the North America, namely C. arvensis var. obtusifolium Choisy (Robinson and Fernald 1908)
This study was carried out to evaluate the morphological, anatomical and molecular variations in C. arvensis of Asir region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), in order to investigate the existence of any infra specific taxon and understand the phylogenetic relationships within this species based on DNA sequence data obtained from matK, rbcL and ITS regions

Summary

Introduction

Convolvulus arvensis L. is one of the most common weeds all over the world found mostly in about 54 countries distributed in 32 different economic crops (Holm et al, 1997). This study was carried out to evaluate the morphological, anatomical and molecular variations in C. arvensis of Asir region, KSA, in order to investigate the existence of any infra specific taxon and understand the phylogenetic relationships within this species based on DNA sequence data obtained from matK, rbcL and ITS regions. The resulted dendrogram based on these characters was resolved in two main discrete clusters of form (small leaf) and form (large leaf) for the ten populations of which were separated at linkage distance of 52.9. While five populations of form (small leaf) were further resolved in to two sub-clusters at 1.2 (Fig. 2).

Results

Conclusion