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Abstract
Deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) has been applied to study the emission of electrons from quantum states in a 20-layer quantum-dot superlattice (QDSL) of Ge in a Ge/Si p–n heterostructure. Changes in the DLTS spectra of this structure strongly depend on the applied bias U r. There are three bias ranges corresponding to three modes of the Wannier–Stark effect: Wannier–Stark ladder mode, Wannier–Stark localization and non-resonant Zener tunneling. The DLTS peaks for all the three modes are associated with emission of electrons from deep-level defects into the Wannier–Stark localized states resulting from the splitting of the electron miniband of the Ge/Si QDSL.
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