Düşük Maliyet Taşımacılık İş Modelini Benimseyen Havayolu Şirketlerinin Yan Gelir Uygulamalarının Finansal Performansları Üzerindeki Etkileri: Türk Sivil Havacılık Sektöründe Bir Uygulama (Ancillary Revenue s Effect on Low-Cost Carrier Adopted Airline Company s Financial Performance: An Application in Turkish Civil Aviation Sector)

Abstract

Purpose – In the aviation sector, the concept of ancillary income is defined as the revenue generated as a part of the travel experience through sales to passengers directly or indirectly before, during or after travel. The aim of this study is to reveal the degree of impact of the low income business model on the financial performance of side income applications. Design/methodology/approach – The OLS method has been chosen to demonstrate the impact of the low-cost business model on the financial performance of the subsidiary income applications of the airline. Only two of the airline companies in Turkey (Turkish Airlines, Pegasus) are open to the public, and only one of the those two airline companies (Pegasus) adopts the low-cost business model, which limits the number of methods that can be selected just because it reduces the data sets. Findings – As a result, it has been found that the increase in occupancy rate positively affects the EBITDAR margin and the increase in CASK, which represents the cost per km, has a negative impact on the EBITDAR margin. However, it has been determined that more emphasis on side income in the airline company reduces financial performance. Pegasus's low ticket sales policy increases the occupancy rate, but it cannot compensate for the loss per kilometer due to the low ticket sales price, as it cannot compensate for its side revenues and thus makes the cost of airplane tickets sold increase. Discussion – One of the major cost items in the aviation sector is fuel expenses. Comparing CASK costs per km including fuel per passenger and RASK revenue per km per passenger, costs per passenger are higher. Although this situation is aimed to reduce the increase in costs by side income activities, sufficient effect cannot be created. In this case, it is considered that the airline should question the low ticket price policy again for the sake of subsidiary income activities.