Abstract
BackgroundDJ-1 is a key regulator in human tumorigenesis, including brain malignancies. The mechanisms by which DJ-1 contributes to the pathogenesis of medulloblastoma (MB) remain unclear, and its impact on the prognosis for patients with MB has not been identified. The aim of this study was to determine whether the DJ-1 protein is associated with tumorigenesis of MBs, and whether DJ-1 is a valuable factor for predicting the prognosis of patients with MB.MethodsWe collected 66 pairs of MB and adjacent normal cerebellum samples. Expression of DJ-1, Ser 473-phosphorylated-Akt (p-Akt), PTEN, and Ki-67 (MIB-1) was detected by immunohistochemical staining, and the correlation of these immunostaining results with the clinicopathological features of patients with MB was determined.ResultsHigh DJ-1 expression (48.5%, 32/66) in tumor cells of MBs was significantly associated with the classic MB variant (P = 0.003), high proliferative activity (P = 0.002) and undifferentiated tumor (P = 0.001), whereas high p-Akt expression (56.1%, 37/66) was associated with tumor metastasis stage (P = 0.007), undifferentiated tumor (P = 0.007), and high-risk tumor (P = 0.002). High DJ-1 expression also correlated with high p-Akt expression and high MIB-1 index. However, only high levels of DJ-1(P = 0.009) and high MIB-1 index (P = 0.001) were strong independent prognostic factors associated with worse overall survival.ConclusionsAlthough the validity of the preliminary data in this study needs to be confirmed by a larger number of cases, our study indicates that DJ-1, PTEN, and p-Akt might play important roles in cell proliferation and differentiation of MBs. The evaluation of expression of DJ-1 and related proteins might be useful for predicting the prognosis of patients with MB.
Highlights
DJ-1 is a key regulator in human tumorigenesis, including brain malignancies
Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant tumor of central nervous system in children [1], while it rarely occurs in adults [2]
The DJ-1 protein has been found in various malignant tumor cells, including prostate cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, laryngeal cancer, ovarian carcinoma, and cervical cancer, where it plays a role in increasing cell proliferation and metastasis [7,8,9,10]
Summary
DJ-1 is a key regulator in human tumorigenesis, including brain malignancies. The mechanisms by which DJ-1 contributes to the pathogenesis of medulloblastoma (MB) remain unclear, and its impact on the prognosis for patients with MB has not been identified. The aim of this study was to determine whether the DJ-1 protein is associated with tumorigenesis of MBs, and whether DJ-1 is a valuable factor for predicting the prognosis of patients with MB. Research evidence has suggested that DJ-1 plays a role in human tumorigenesis. The DJ-1 protein has been found in various malignant tumor cells, including prostate cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, laryngeal cancer, ovarian carcinoma, and cervical cancer, where it plays a role in increasing cell proliferation and metastasis [7,8,9,10]. The effect of DJ-1 on the development and progression of MB has not yet been investigated
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