Abstract
To consider the risk of intercourse without contraception during infertility treatment. Case report. Leiden University Medical Center. An infertile couple underwent IVF for tubal pathology. Transfer of one embryo during a natural cycle. Human leukocyte antigen typing, histochemical analysis of the fetal membranes, neonatal and maternal clinical outcomes. A dizygotic twin pregnancy was confirmed after birth by human leukocyte antigen typing of both fetuses and mother and by histochemical analysis of the dividing fetal membranes. This suggests a pregnancy of concurrent IVF and spontaneous conception. Pregnancy was complicated by preeclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation of both fetuses. We state that couples should abstain from intercourse without contraception during infertility treatment to prevent multiple gestation and its related complications for mother and fetuses.
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