Abstract
Colonic diverticula are herniations of colonic mucosa and submucosa through the muscularis propria. They occur where perforating arteries traverse the circular muscle layer, in parallel rows between the mesenteric and antimesenteric taenia. Colonic diverticular disease may present as diverticulosis, diverticulitis, or diverticular bleeding. Of patients with known diverticulosis, only 10% to 20% will develop diverticulitis. Diverticulitis varies in presentation and severity. This chapter discusses the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and management of diverticulitis and its complications. Appendicitis is generally caused by obstruction of the lumen of the appendix, followed by infection. In the United States, the lifetime risk of appendicitis is about 9% for males and 7% for females. This chapter also discusses the diagnosis of appendicitis (including typical and atypical presentations and appendicitis as it presents in special groups of patients) and its management. This review contains 3 figures, 21 tables, and 76 references. Keywords: Diverticulosis, diverticulitis, gastrointestinal bleeding, appendicitis, abdominal infection, appendiceal perforation, antibiotics, appendectomy, colectomy, laparoscopy
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