Diversity pattern and juvenile fish assemblage in the nearshore habitats of the Sumbawa Island, Indonesia

Djumanto Djumanto,T Peristiwady,Charles P.H Simanjuntak,S.M Bergmann,S.B Andi Omar,C.P.H Simanjuntak,N Hubert,Aan Saputra,D.F Mokodongan,A Collins,P.G Sasmita,E Setyobudi,Muhammmad F Rahardjo,Alimuddin Alimuddin,E.S Kartamihardja,Didit Abdillah,Neri Kautsari

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202132201006

Abstract

The coastal ecosystem plays a vital role as essential habitat for juvenile and small marine fishes. This study aimed to analyze juvenile and small-sized fish assemblage in the nearshore habitats of Sumbawa Island. Sampling was carried out in the morning at low tide when new and full moon from November 2020 to January 2021. Five sampling sites were selected based on habitats their adjacency to the river mouth. During the study period, 6349 individuals belonging to 74 species and 37 families were recorded. The number ofAmbassis vachelliiwas the most significant, followed byHypoatherina temminckii, andEubleekeria splendens. The highest fish biomass was occupied by E. splendens, followed by Plotosus lineatus, andPlaniliza macrolepis. Physico-chemical parameters were not varied between sampling sites, except salinity. Estuaries with vegetated areas have a higher species richness, diversity, and evenness index than the unvegetated area. Juvenile and small-sized fishes varied between sites but not varied between moon phases. Research findings confirm that the nearshore habitat of Sumbawa Island has a significant capacity to support the early life stage of many marine fish species.

Highlights

The coastal ecosystem plays an important role as essential habitat for juvenile and smallsized marine fishes
The results showed that the catch per unit effort (CPUE) of each fish species was varied (Appendix 1)
A total of 74 fish species from 37 families and 13 orders dwelled in the nearshore habitat of Sumbawa Island

Summary

Introduction

The coastal ecosystem plays an important role as essential habitat for juvenile and smallsized marine fishes. River mouths are part of an estuary ecosystem that is a transitional area for fish that migrate with various destinations from sea to the river or vice versa, and species that only use estuary [1]. The estuary has very high fish biodiversity due to nutrient input, which generally comes from river flows [2, 3]. River estuary ecosystems are significant for the survival of fish communities, especially juvenile fish. Fish use estuary areas to find food and use space related to their protection and life cycle [6, 7]

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Discussion

Conclusion