Diversity of the Chicken Growth Hormone Gene and Effects on Growth Desi and Fayoumi Chicken Traits at District Kashmore, Sindh-Pakistan

Abstract

Chicken growth hormone (cGH) gene, one of the candidate genes for economic traits that control body weight and fat deposition, is associated with regulating both growth-axon patterning and metabolism. The growth hormone gene located on the chromosome 2 it enhances and encodes growth hormones as well as protein which are responsible for regulating of growth and development of body tissues. Growth hormone gene as economically very important because of growth rate, efficiency of feeds, body weight, and also for egg production. It also used for the Genetic Engineering for production of desirable GH- related genes. Genomic DNA from four different chicken breeds were screened for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of cGH gene by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography, as well as sequencing. SNPs and Nucleotide Diversity of the cGH Gene PCR amplification of 700 bp region from each individual from two chicken breeds was performed, which covered partial exons/introns encoding fragments corresponding to the investigated translated peptide. An average of one SNP was found every 86 bp, with a total of eight SNPs discovered. Nine SNPs were in introns, while 4 and one each was in the 5'UTR and 3'UTR respectively of these, five of them (01 from GWAS linkage signals) had significant associations.