Diversity of fungi in decomposition process the Avicennia marina leaf litter at various level of salinity

Abstract

Factors affecting the rate of the decomposition are animals and microorganisms such as worms, snails, bacteria, fungi etc. as well as environmental conditions, such as type of soil, pH and salinity of water, etc. This research was conducted at the Deli Belawan River and Forest Cultivation Laboratory, Medan, North Sumatra Sumatera. A study was undertaken to find out the effect of the salinity on : the number of species, the population, the species diversity and the frequency of colonization of the different species of fungi during the process of the composition of the A. marina leaf litter decomposition. The leaf litter of A. marina to be put in a litter bag that is 50 g and it’s 33 litter bags for each level of salinity totally. The level of salinity to be used such as < 10, 10 – 20, 20 – 30 and > 30 ppt. The time series to collect data were 0 (control), 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135, 150, and 165 days. The leaf litter of A. marina in a litter bag was taken from each salinity level that was three bags for each time. It was used for isolation and identification of the fungi. There were 21 fungal species isolated from the A. marina leaf litter before being decomposed and from those decomposed at < 10, 10 – 20, 20 – 30 and > 30 ppt. The highest population was found in the leaf litter before being decomposed with an average of 1.6 × 103 cfu/ml. The Species Diversity Indices of the fungi isolated from the leaf litter at < 10, 10 – 20, 20 – 30, and > 30 ppt were 1.96, 1.86, 1.75 and 1,50. The frequency of the fungal colonization ranged from 9.1 to 100 %.