Diversity of endomycorrhizal fungi and their synergistic effect on the growth of Acacia catechu Willd.

Abstract

The diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi of <I>Acacia catechu</I> Willd. was studied. Dominant AM spores, the bacterium <I>Rhizobium</I> sp. along with the fungus <I>Trichoderma viride</I> were isolated from the rhizosphere of <I>A. catechu</I> and mass-produced in laboratory. The co-inoculation effect of <I>Glomus mosseae, Glomus fasciculatum</I>, mixed AM (<I>Glomus</I> spp. [except <I>G. mosseae, G. fasciculatum</I>] with <I>Acaulospora</I> spp., <I>Sclerocystis</I> spp. and <I>Gigaspora</I> spp.), <I>Rhizobium</I> sp. and <I>Trichoderma viride</I> was studied as exerted on the growth of <I>A. catechu</I> seedlings. All inoculated seedlings showed improved seedling growth compared to the control. Inoculated seedlings had a pronounced effect on all growth parameters such as height, fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots, AM spore count, per cent mycorrhizal colonization in roots and root nodule number in comparison with uninoculated seedlings. Phosphorus uptake was also higher in inoculated seedlings than in the control. This study provides a good scope for commercially utilizing the efficient strains of AM fungi for beneficial effects with other beneficial rhizosphere microflora in the primary establishment of slow growing seedlings ensuring better survival and improved growth.