Abstract
Root-associated aerobic methanotrophs play an important role in regulating methane emissions from the wetlands. However, the influences of the plant genotype on root-associated methanotrophic structures, especially on active flora, remain poorly understood. Transcription of the pmoA gene, encoding particulate methane monooxygenase in methanotrophs, was analyzed by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) of mRNA isolated from root samples of three emergent macrophytes, including Phragmites australis, Typha angustifolia, and Schoenoplectus triqueter (syn. Scirpus triqueter L.) from a eutrophic wetland. High-throughput sequencing of pmoA based on DNA and cDNA was used to analyze the methanotrophic community. Sequencing of cDNA pmoA amplicons confirmed that the structure of active methanotrophic was not always consistent with DNA. A type I methanotroph, Methylomonas, was the most active group in P. australis, whereas Methylocystis, a type II methanotroph, was the dominant group in S. triqueter. In T. angustifolia, these two types of methanotroph existed in similar proportions. However, at the DNA level, Methylomonas was predominant in the roots of all three plants. In addition, vegetation type could have a profound impact on root-associated methanotrophic community at both DNA and cDNA levels. These results indicate that members of the genera Methylomonas (type I) and Methylocystis (type II) can significantly contribute to aerobic methane oxidation in a eutrophic wetland.
Highlights
Wetlands can both produce and absorb greenhouse gases, which is a major component in the global climate change
Using the reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and MiSeq sequencing technique, we studied the structure of methanotrophic communities in the roots of three typical emergent plants (P. australis, T. angustifolia, and S. triqueter) in WLSH wetland, Inner Mongolia of China
Sampling sites and plant materials Three plants of each P. australis, T. angustifolia and S. triqueter were collected from WLSH wetland (N 40°52′36′′, E 108°51′16′′) in 15 July 2017 (Fig. 1)
Summary
Wetlands can both produce and absorb greenhouse gases, which is a major component in the global climate change. Being the largest natural wetland at the same latitude of the earth, Wuliangsuhai (WLSH) is a typical eutrophication wetland in northern China (Wu et al 2017) and plays an important role in the earth’s ecosystem, such as maintaining water resources, regulating drought climate, and providing high biodiversity, etc. A greenhouse gas, accounts for 20–30% of the contribution of greenhouse gases to global warming (Conrad 2009). Methane is normally produced by methanogens in anaerobic zone of soil (Serrano-Silva et al 2014), but is not directly released into the atmosphere. About 90% is consumed by methanotrophic bacteria when passing through the aerobic soil layer.
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