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Abstract
As part of the typical usage mode, interaction between a handheld receiver antenna and the operator's RF absorbing body and nearby objects is known to generate variability in antenna radiation characteristics through blocking and pattern changes. It is counterintuitive that random variations in blocking can result in diversity gain of practical applicability. This diversity gain is quantified from a theoretical and experimental perspective. Measurements carried out at 1947.5 MHz verify the theoretical predictions, and a diversity gain of 3.1 dB was measured through antenna blocking and based on the utilized measurement setup. The diversity gain can be exploited to enhance signal detectability of handheld receivers based on a single antenna in indoor multipath environments.
Highlights
Temporal signal fluctuation arising from user interaction with a handheld device in the form of motion and signal blocking in a multipath environment poses a formidable challenge to the performance of wireless communication
A model based on M orthogonal blocking functions was studied, and through theoretical analysis it was shown that the proposed technique can result in several dBs of processing gain
As is evident from the analysis, where the available average SNR is high, for example, η ≥ 15 dB for a target PF0 = 0.01, antenna blocking can result in usable processing gain
Summary
Temporal signal fluctuation arising from user interaction with a handheld device in the form of motion and signal blocking in a multipath environment poses a formidable challenge to the performance of wireless communication. Blocking, coupling, diffraction, and refraction of elecrtromagnetic (EM) waves due to objects in the close proximity of a handheld antenna result in variability in antenna radiation characteristics Such variations in the handset antenna pattern are conventionally regarded as being detrimental as they result in signal decorrelation limiting the processing gain achievable by coherent signal integration. Motion and the corresponding variation in orientation and signal blocking can be exploited to achieve usable diversity gain based on forming a synthetic array [14,15,16,17]. This variability of the antenna blocking and consequential potential diversity gain is analyzed and demonstrated through experimental results in this paper.
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