Abstract
Time reversal exploits spatial diversity to achieve spatial and temporal focusing in complex environments and has been applied to underwater acoustic communications with a significant delay spread due to multipath propagation. Temporal focusing (pulse compression) mitigates the intersymbol interference (ISI), while spatial focusing achieves a high signal‐to‐noise ratio at the intended receiver. The time reversal approach can be combined with adaptive channel equalization to remove the residual ISI, providing nearly optimal performance in theory. The spatial diversity provided by a vertical array in a waveguide can be replaced by a single element and the temporal diversity provided by fluctuations of the ocean environment. Further, the relative motion between a transmitter and a receiver can provide both spatial and temporal diversity exploited in synthetic aperture communications. The diversity combining in time reversal communications will be illustrated using at‐sea experimental data.
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