Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the world’s main leguminous crops that provide chief source of food for humans. In the present study, we characterized thirty isolates of indigenous chickpea rhizobia from Myanmar based on the sequence analysis of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. The sequence analysis confirmed that all isolates were categorized and identified as the genus Mesorhizobium and they were conspecific with M. plurifarium, M. muliense, M. tianshanense, and M. sp. This is the first report describing M. muliense, M. tianshanense, and M. plurifurium from different geographical distribution of indigenous mesorhizobia of chickpea in Myanmar. In order to substitute the use of chemical fertilizers in legume production, there is a need for the production of Biofertilizers with rhizobial inoculants. The effectiveness of Myanmar Mesorhizobim strains isolated from soil samples of major chickpea growing areas of Myanmar for plant growth and nitrogen fixation were studied in pot experiments. The nodule dry weight and acetylene reduction activity of the plant inoculated with Mesorhizobium tianshanense SalCP19 was significantly higher than the other tested isolates in Yezin-4 chickpea variety. But, Mesorhizobium sp. SalCP17 was showed high level of acetylene reduction activity per plant in Yezin-6 chickpea variety.
Highlights
Grain legumes play an important nutritional role in the diet of millions of people [1]
We aimed to isolate indigenous root nodule bacteria from collected soil samples of major chickpea growing areas of Myanmar, to identify the phylogenetic diversity of indigenous chickpea-nodulating Mesorhizobia in Myanmar based on sequence analysis of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) region of the isolates and, to select the effective indigenous Myanmar Mesorhizobium strains for plant growth and nitrogen fixation of Myanmar chickpea varieties is necessary for investigation
The thirty root nodule bacteria were isolated from Myanmar chickpea host of six different major chickpea growing areas of Myanmar (Tables 1 and 2 and Figure 1)
Summary
Grain legumes play an important nutritional role in the diet of millions of people [1]. Among these grain legumes, chickpea (Cicer arientinum L.) is one of the most popular and earliest-cultivated legume crop, and seeds are rich in protein content [2]. Nitrogen (N) fixation through legume-Rhizobium symbiosis is important for enhancing agricultural productivity and is of great economic interest [4]. Leguminous crops have a reputation for maintaining soil fertility since it can assimilate nitrogen from the atmosphere through symbiotic biological N2 fixation (BNF) with Rhizobia [5]. Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is an important component of sustainable agriculture [6], and rhizobial inoculants have been applied frequently as biofertilizers
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