Abstract
We used line transect counts to collect data on population abundance of primates and small antelopes from three different moist forest blocks within the Udzungwa Mountains of south-central Tanzania. Results show that both diversity and relative abundance (number of primate groups/individual antelopes seen per km walked) are generally higher in the lower part (300–800 m a.s.l.) of Mwanihana Forest (Udzungwa Mountains National Park), than in medium to high altitude and less protected forests (Ndundulu Forest, 1400– 2100 m a.s.l., and New Dabaga/Ulangambi Forest Reserve, 1800–2100 m a.s.l.). The latter, in particular, is the most degraded and encroached forest patch, and presents the most impoverished community. The combined effects of altitude, hunting and human-induced alteration of forest cover might account for the differences observed.
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