Diversifying Macau’s Economic Development: The Role of the Logistics Industry

With the implementation of Chinese carbon neutrality policy, the Yangtze River Delta calls for great concern. As a benchmark for the development of Chinese logistics industry, it accompanies energy consumption and environmental problems. This study explores how Chinese logistics industry can achieve energy conservation and emission reduction and high-quality development in the context of carbon neutrality. It analyzes the relationship between the logistics industry and economy, energy, as well as environment in Yangtze River Delta. The data is based on China Statistical Yearbook from 2001 to 2019, by means of the entropy method and panel vector autoregressive (PVAR) model. The main findings are summarized as follows: firstly, the economy, industrial structure, energy, and environment have significant impact on the development of logistics industry in Yangtze River Delta. Secondly, the development of logistics industry in Yangtze River Delta is not balanced. The provinces including Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, and Anhui have great differences in economy, industrial structure, demographic dividend, energy consumption, and environmental protection, but they show the possibility of complementary advantages. Thirdly, the economic development and energy consumption have bidirectional effects. Environmental protection is relevant to economic development, industrial structure, energy consumption and logistics supply. Finally, some suggestions are provided on how to realize the high-quality development of logistics industry in Yangtze River Delta. In the context of carbon neutrality, it is necessary to consider energy conservation and emission reduction.

The logistics industry is closely related to the high-quality economic development. At different levels of industrial structure, the relationship between high-quality development of the logistics industry and the high-quality economic development will vary, resulting in different roles and paths in promoting economic development. However, there is still a lack of research on the relationship between high-quality development of the logistics industry and high-quality economic development at different levels of industrial structure, and further empirical research is needed. It used the benchmark regression model to analyze the impact of the high-quality development of the logistics industry on high-quality economic development, and the panel threshold model was used to analyze the impact of the logistics industry on high-quality economic development at different levels of industrial structure development. The results show that the high-quality development of the logistics industry has a positive role in promoting the high-quality economic development, and in different levels of industrial structure development, the impact of high-quality development level of logistics industry on the high-quality economic development is different. Therefore, it is necessary to further optimize the industrial structure, promote the deep integration and development of logistics and related industries, and continue to promote the high-quality development of the logistics industry. And when formulating development strategies for the logistics industry, governments and enterprises need to consider factors such as changes in industrial structure, the overall goals of national economy, people’s livelihood, and social development, in order to provide solid support for achieving high-quality economic development. This paper demonstrates the importance of high-quality development of the logistics industry in high-quality economic development, and it encourages the adoption of different strategies at different stages of industrial structure development to promote high-quality development of the logistics industry, and achieve high-quality economic development.

As an important industry connecting urban and rural areas and serving production and life, logistics enterprises, as the micro-foundation of the development of logistics industry, have a profound impact on the spatial reconstruction of regional economic and social development. National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" modern logistics development and "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" modern circulation system construction planning "put forward new requirements for the development of logistics industry, emphasizing the optimization of logistics spatial layout and speed up the construction of national logistics hub, especially pointed out that to make up for the shortcomings of the central and western regions. As an important base for the development of China's logistics industry, the spatial layout of logistics enterprises in Henan province not only affects the high-quality development of the logistics industry in the province, but also plays an important role in the improvement of the national logistics network. In this paper, based on POI data, the mean nearest neighbor method, local Moran scatter plot analysis and kernel density visualization technology are used to analyze the spatial agglomeration characteristics of logistics enterprises in 157 counties in Henan Province. It is found that the spatial distribution of logistics enterprises in Henan Province has gradually evolved from multi-point dispersion to a single-core and multi-core collaborative model with Zhengzhou as the core, and presents a significant spatial positive correlation and agglomeration trend. This change has improved the logistics efficiency and promoted the strengthening of regional economic ties. At the same time, the agglomeration trend of logistics enterprises in Henan Province continues to strengthen, from the initial agglomeration in the core area to the diversified diffusion pattern, showing the continuous optimization and reconstruction of logistics network in the province.

The logistics industry is a new economic growth point to promote regional economic development.This paper analyzes the logistical efficiency of eight areas in Hunan province from 2005 to 2014 using the BCC model and CCR in DEA analysis.The results show that both the PTE and SE of the logistics industry are low.We should enhance the logistic technology and decrease the logistic scale to improve the efficiency of Logistic Industry of Hunan.

This paper takes the relationship between the development level of logistics industry and economic growth in Mianyang City as the research object. Firstly, the mechanism of the interaction between the logistics industry and economic growth is discussed. Secondly, the data of the logistics industry development level and economic development level in Mianyang City from the year 2005 to 2020 are selected, and after logarithmic processing, single integration and co-integration tests are carried out. The test results show that there is a co-integration relationship between the two. Then, the least square method is used for regression. The results show that the development of logistics industry has strong positive effects on economic development. What’s more, in order to further analyze the influence of the logistics industry lag period on the current economic growth, a VAR model is introduced and an impulse response analysis is made. The results indicate that the logistics industry lag period one has a negative impact on the economic development of the current period. No matter which stage of economic growth, it has little impact on the development of the logistics industry. This means that the government should increase the investment and construction in the logistics industry.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to establish a group of grey prediction models and relative degree model to study the characteristics and trend of the logistics industry development in Henan province scientifically. The study results can provide references for the development policy of the logistics industry in Henan province. Design/methodology/approach – The paper constructs grey prediction models and grey buffer operator models which are related to the distribution of logistics industry in Henan province, and selects prediction models by comparing model accuracy, and use them to forecast the development trend of logistics industry in future ten years of Henan province. Using the grey relative models, the paper analyses development dynamic and prospect which support the development of logistics industry, and provide some references for transferring the pattern of economic growth of Henan province, forming new economic growth point and formulating relevant policies. High prediction accuracy models are selected to forecast the future development trend of logistics industry in the next ten years. Findings – Results show that the modern logistics industry in Henan province has been a steady growth in overall, the main growth points of the logistics industry development in Henan province are roadway miles (km), roadway (100 million tonnes/km), freight turnover (100 million tonnes/km) and waterway (100 million tonnes), the growth points for the future development of logistics industry in Henan province are the roadway freight volume, roadway passenger volume and waterway freight volume. Practical implications – Regional economic competition has become an important index for measuring a country's economic development level. Logistics industry plays an important role in the regional economic development, such as promoting coordinated development of regional economy and upgrading industrial optimization, and playing a major role in industrial transfer. Hence, logistics industry, which is urgently needed to solve by the government, has become important forces for promoting the growth of economy and a basic pillar industries of regional economy. Originality/value – The paper presents the systematic results of development prediction of modern logistics industry in Henan province and its dynamic analysis by using grey systems theory, not only to predict the trend of the development of the logistics industry, also to analyse the future development of logistics industry in the leading power factors.

Relying on the geographical advantage, Tianjin's logistics industry developed earlier, however because the actions of logistics are distributed in various industries the costs of logistics are calculated in various accounts, the statistical account to cost and income of logistics is very difficult. To weigh the development of Tianjin logistics industry becomes a difficult problem. In this paper, we consult other industries’ statistical accounting systems, use the companies’ reporting statistics data, introduce input-output table, base Tianjin background, design a statistical accounting system which fits to logistics industry. In addition, we use the data of Tianjin to do empirically analysis. We draw the following conclusions: first, there is a certain correlation between the development of Tianjin logistics industry and the enhancement of economy overall level; second, with the development of logistics industry, the contribution of logistics to national economy will become more prominent.

The modern logistics industry in relation to economic growth and carbon emission has opened new strategic perspectives. Recent research work have analyzed such complex interference from a broad perspective. However, analyzing this overlap needs comprehensive insight into the logistics industry while simultaneously estimating its short-run and long-run effects from regional aspects due to continue-evolving factors and their impact on it. This paper competently analyzes logistics industry components in connection with economic prosperity, energy consumption, trade development, and carbon emission from a more specific regional perspective of a developing country. Methodologically, an autoregressive distributive lag model (ARDL) is employed using correlative evaluation of the dynamic factors and their interactive impact in short and long run on this relation, based on time-series data of Pakistan from 1990 to 2019. The study results endorse the previous studies’ outcomes by recognizing that an increase in carbon emission depends on trade development, energy usage, economic development, and the logistics industry’s various components except for air logistics. However, study results show a unidirectional long-run causality directing from economic development, logistics industry, energy utilization, and trade development to carbon emission. Moreover, these results reveal that this emission is the leading factor to introduce stringent emission standards that further overlap with regional demographics trends, i.e., carbon emission implications. These findings imply that economic development applies a substantial demand-pull impact on national logistics, i.e., regional economic development directs to the growth of the logistics industry in the corresponding region. Consequently, high-income geographical regions have higher long-run risk concerning contemporary developmental activities of the logistics industry when adhering to carbon emission standards. Particularly, the influence of upcoming emission standards must be prioritized when planning the future returns of contemporary research and development activities of the logistics industry in a given geographic area, such as CPEC. Given Pakistan’s perspective, the proposed empirical analysis can be exampled to other developing countries. This analysis may facilitate the design and development of strategies for upcoming financial funding in the modern logistics industry to seek its sustainable development-goals in developing economies.

The high-quality development of the logistics industry, which is an essential and strategic industry supporting the national economic operation and a fundamental component of modern industrial system construction, is not only a key component of the high-quality development of the national economy but also the main driving force for the high-quality growth of the national economy. As the supporting industry of the national economy, the logistics industry will also face spatial disequilibrium during development. Therefore, to achieve the coordinated development of the logistics industry, the high-quality development and the spatial-temporal unbalanced development status of the logistics industry in each province must be figured out first. This research established a comprehensive evaluation system for the logistics industry development, which included 14 basic indexes based on the provincial-level panel data of 30 provinces in China during 2009–2020. Then, the regional logistics development level score in China was measured using the entropy weight TOPSIS method, and the differences in the regional logistics development level in China and the dynamic evolution law of their distribution were deeply explored through the Dagum Gini coefficient model. The research results revealed that the evaluation index system (14 basic indexes) for the regional logistics industry development level in China was relatively scientific and reasonable; the regional logistics industry development level in China was increasing year by year, showing a steady upward trend, and the imbalance in the eastern, central, and western regions regarding the regional logistics development was shrinking year by year; the average intergroup contribution rate was 36.33%, the intragroup contribution rate was 31.49%, and the contribution rate of intensity of trans variation was 32.19%, proving that the regional differences exerted a most extraordinary influence on the spatial differences in the regional logistics industry development level in China. The research results have important reference value for summarizing the meaning of high-quality logistics industry development, constructing the evaluation index system for logistics industry development, and exploring the reasons for the temporal and spatial differences in logistics industry development in China.

In this paper, there is an empirical analysis on the relationship between logistics increase and economic growth in Henan province with a dynamic econometric analysis method based on VAR model. The research result shows that there is a stable long-term equilibrium relationship between logistics increase and economic growth, the elastic coefficient about economic growth in the development of logistics industry is 0.4924, GDP has a great pulling effect on the development of logistics industry; and there exists one-way causality: economic growth has promoted logistics increase, the converse is not true. Judging from the analysis of impulse response function, there is a close and long-range relationship between economic growth and logistics increase. Therefore, in order to stimulate the rapid development of Henan logistics industry, a long-term policy instead of short-term one should be adopted to guarantee the positive pulling force of economic growth on logistics industry.

The analysis and evaluation of the development of logistics industry plays an important role in a country's economic development. However, previous studies in constructing evaluation models still need to be improved. Therefore, this study uses clustering principal component analysis and entropy weight method to construct logistics industry model based on and evaluates regional logistics industry of China. And the empirical results show that (1) logistics industry of Guangdong Province ranks in the first; (2) the comprehensive development level of logistics industry of eastern region is stronger than that of western region and central region. Finally, some suggestions are provided to promote the rapid development of regional logistics industry of China.

Jilin Province is an important petrochemical, electronic research and development and agricultural product breeding base in China. After more than 30 years of reform and opening up, its economic construction has made great progress and has shown rapid development momentum. E-commerce and economic growth have driven the development of the logistics industry and promoted the growth and development of the aviation logistics industry. In the low-carbon and environmentally-friendly environment, the aviation logistics industry has been constrained by the macro-system, the impact of other logistics channels, the shortage of logistics talents, and the restrictions on carbon emissions, making the development of aviation logistics industry in Jilin Province difficult. Based on this background, the paper uses SWOT analysis method to systematically analyse the advantages and disadvantages of Jilin Airlines logistics industry and development opportunities and threats, and proposes solutions to how to develop aviation logistics under the current low-carbon environmental protection policy.

The logistics industry plays a great role in the sustainable economic development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB). This paper measures the total factor productivity (TFP) of the logistics industry by using the DEA-Malmquist index method and analyzes its spatial-temporal evolution characteristics based on panel data of 11 provinces and cities in the YREB in 2003–2017. Lastly, a spatial autocorrelation analysis was conducted in conjunction with the exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) model. The results show that the overall development of the logistics industry has been relatively good, with an inverted “N” shape trend over the years. Technological progress is the main reason for the growth of TFP. From a regional perspective, it shows a spatial distribution pattern of high in the east and low in the west, with an overall upward trend of TFP levels. The spatial correlation between the TFP levels of logistics in each province and city is gradually increasing, but coordinated development between regions is still limited. Finally, according to the conclusions, policy recommendations are proposed to accelerate the coordinated development of regional logistics and the innovative development of the modern logistics industry.

This paper has analyzed the role and the characteristics of logistics industry in China. In China the logistics industry has entered industrial development stage but governments still continues using original industrial partition system. The statistical data on logistics industry is not accurate, not overall, has the condition of estimatedness .This paper reflects the logistics scale with freight transportation revolving quantities, and uses the method of grey incidence to analyze the relation between scale and related economic factors, carries out lateral analysis for the reason that Chinese logistics industry develop fast, points out development direction of Chinese logistics industry in future.

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