Abstract
The genetic characteristics of twelve Trypanosoma cruzi strains isolated from chronic chagasic patients, triatomines and sylvatic reservoirs from Paraná state, Southern Brazil, were studied using the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and simple sequence repeat-anchored polymerase chain reaction amplification (SSR-PCR) techniques. Sylvio and Esmeraldo stocks were used as reference for T. cruzi I and II, respectively. The DNA was amplified using three different primers for RAPD and (CA)8RY primer for SSRPCR. Gel analyses were scored by eye for a numerical taxonomy analysis based on the proportion of shared bands and by employing computer programs. The phenograms showed the existence of two distinct genetic groups: one containing the strains from chronic chagasic patients grouped with Esmeraldo and the other with the strains from triatomines and sylvatic reservoirs grouped with Sylvio. The existence of two phylogenetic groups of T. cruzi in Paraná state, Southern Brazil, is described for the first time.
Highlights
Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas’ disease, is widely distributed in the American continent, occurring from the South of the United States to the South of Argentina (Dias, 1985)
Vectors, and sylvatic and domestic reservoirs. This parasite infects about one hundred different species of little sylvatic mammals and triatomine vectors already adapted to artificial habitats, among them Triatoma infestans, T. braziliensis, T. dimidiata, T. sordida, Panstrongylus megistus and Rhodnius prolixus (Foratinni, 1980)
As in randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), the simple sequence repeat-anchored polymerase chain reaction amplification (SSR-PCR) profiles showed 40 markers with a great sharing of bands among the strains isolated from vectors and reservoirs compared to strains isolated from humans
Summary
Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas’ disease, is widely distributed in the American continent, occurring from the South of the United States to the South of Argentina (Dias, 1985). It circulates among humans, vectors, and sylvatic and domestic reservoirs. This parasite infects about one hundred different species of little sylvatic mammals and triatomine vectors already adapted to artificial habitats, among them Triatoma infestans, T. braziliensis, T. dimidiata, T. sordida, Panstrongylus megistus and Rhodnius prolixus (Foratinni, 1980). The colonization of non-natural habitats by triatomine vectors allowed T. cruzi to infect humans and domestic mammals, resulting in a domestic transmission cycle. A recent article reports results of molecular diagnosis that prove that humans were a link in the sylvatic cycle of the disease (Aufderheide et al, 2004)
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